Conversion Tables

Baking Pan Substitutions

10” x 3 ½” Bundt = Two 8” x 2” Rounds
10” x 2” Round = 9” x 9” x 2” Square
Standard 12-Cup Muffin Tin = 8 ½” x 4 ½” x 2 ½”
Loaf OR 9” x 1 ½”
Round OR 8” x 8” x 1 ½” Square
10” x 2” Round = 9” x 9” x 2” Square
9” x 2” Round = Two 8” x 1 ½” Rounds OR 10” x 15” x 1” Jelly Roll OR 8” x 8” x 2” Square

NOTE: BAKING TIMES WILL VARY BASED ON PAN SIZE. FOR EXAMPLE, DEEPER PANS REQUIRE LONGER BAKING TIMES!


STAGE OF CANDY: TEMPERATURE:
Dark Caramel 350-360 degrees F
Medium Caramel 338-350
Light Caramel 320-338
Hard Crack 300-310
Soft Crack 270-290
Hard Ball 250-266
Firm Ball 244-248
Soft Ball 234-340
Thread 223-234


Weight & Measures

1 Tablespoon = 3 Teaspoons
1/8 Cup = 2 Tablespoons
¼ Cup = 4 Tablespoons
1/3 Cup = 5 Tablespoons + 1 Teaspoon
½ Cup = 8 Tablespoons
2/3 Cup = 10 Tablespoons + 2 Teaspoons
¾ Cup = 12 Tablespoons
1 Cup = 48 Teaspoons OR 16 Tablespoons OR ½ Pint
8 Fluid Ounces = 1 Cup
1 Tablespoon Liquid = ½ Ounce
1 Pint = 2 Cups OR 16 Fluid Ounces
1 Quart = 2 Pints
4 Cups = 1 Quart
1 Gallon = 4 Quarts
16 Ounces = 1 Pound
8 Quarts = 1 Peck
4 Pecks = 1 Bushel



Food Weights & Measure

2 Tablespoons Butter = 1 Ounce
2 Cups Butter = 1 Pound
1 Square Baking Chocolate = 1 Ounce
1 Cup Grated Cheese = 4 Ounces
4 Cups Coarsely Chopped Nuts = 1 Pound
2 1/3 Cups Uncooked Rice = 1 Pound
1 Cup Uncooked Rice = 3 ½ Cups Cooked Rice
2 Cups Granulated Sugar = 1 Pound
2 ¼ Cups Packed Brown Sugar = 1 Pound
3 ½ Cups Sifted Confectioners’ Sugar = 1 Pound
1 Pound Raw Ground Meat = 2 Cups



Liquid Metric Equivalencies

Customary Metric
¼ Teaspoon 1.25 Milliliters
½ Teaspoon 2.5 Milliliters
1 Teaspoon 5 Milliliters
1 Tablespoon 15 Milliliters
1 Fluid Ounce 30 Milliliters
¼ Cup 60 Milliliters
1/3 Cup 80 Milliliters
½ Cup 120 Milliliters
1 Cup 240 Milliliters
1 Pint (2 Cups) 480 Milliliters
1 Quart (4 Cups) 960 Milliliters (.96 Liter)
1 Gallon (4 Quarts) 3.84 Liters


Dry Measure Equivalencies

1 Ounce (by weight) 28 Grams
¼ Pound (4 ounces) 114 Grams
1 Pound (16 ounces) 454 Grams
2.2 Pounds 1 Kilogram (1,000 Grams)


Oven Temperature Equivalencies

Fahrenheit Celsius
200 90
250 120
300-325 150-160
325-350 160-180
350-375 180-190
375-400 190-200
400-450 200-230
450-500 230-260